![]() However, some SSs can release large amounts of toxic metals (e.g., Cr) affecting their utilization ( Huiting and Forssberg, 2003). Steelmaking slag (SS) is mainly used in road construction and cement industries in many countries due to its similar composition to Portland cement ( Gedam et al., 2012 Saly et al., 2018). Furthermore, besides the CO 2 emissions, a substantial amount of metallurgical slag is generated during iron and steelmaking processes. The contribution of CO 2 emissions from iron and steelmaking processes to global CO 2 emissions is about 6–7% ( Doucet, 2010). A large amount of fossil fuels are consumed which emit large volumes of CO 2 from iron and steelmaking processes. There is no doubt that industries and society have a duty-bound responsibility to reduce CO 2 emissions as the current pace of progress is inconsistent with Paris's climate goals.Īnthropogenic CO 2 emissions result primarily from the burning of carbon-based fossil fuels, and China, the United States, and India together account for more than two-thirds of global energy growth ( British Petroleum, 2019 Cui et al., 2019). Results indicated that the carbon emission of the world reached 33.89 Gt CO 2, the fastest growth since 2010 of a total of 2.0% ( British Petroleum, 2019). The BP Statistical Review of World Energy published data of CO 2 discharge from global energy consumption in 2018. It is reasonable to believe that the contribution of CO 2 emissions to climate change is 76% ( Intergovernmental panel on climate change, 2014). Furthermore, the challenges and prospects for further development of the SS-CCS were discussed.Īs climate change progresses, the increasing frequency of natural disasters is causing more people to pay attention ( Cai et al., 2017 Han et al., 2017 Zou et al., 2017 Shan et al., 2018 Yi et al., 2019). Three routes of SS-CCS are compared including, direct gas-solid carbonation, direct aqueous carbonation, and indirect carbonation, respectively. In this paper, recent research on the steel slag-based carbon capture and storage (SS-CCS) by mineralization was summarized. Capturing CO 2 by steel slag (SS) via mineralization is regarded to be an excellent choice due to the high basicity of the slag. Enhancing the development and deployment of treating waste from the steelmaking process will be environment friendly and resource-saving. The iron and steel industry is an energy-intensive sector, and large amounts of waste/ by-products are generated during the steelmaking process, such as CO 2, metallurgical slag, and wastewater. 3Process and Systems Engineering Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo/Turku, Finland.2School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.1Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.Qing Zhao 1,2, Xinyi Chu 2, Xiaohui Mei 1,2 *, Qingzhang Meng 2, Jingyu Li 2, Chengjun Liu 1,2, Henrik Saxén 3 and Ron Zevenhoven 3
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